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Site: The Hirsel churchyard, Coldstream, Scotland.
Period: Medieval.
Excavator: Prof. R.J. Cramp, Durham University.
Published: forthcoming (Historic Scotland?).
Skeleton: male, middle-aged to old.
Catalogue entry: This is a good example of the condition, with complete opening of the neural canal. This is a cleft neural arch defect and is developmental in origin, although it can be congenitally determined. In most cases, this type is symptomless in life. It is not related to true spina bifida, which would have resulted in early death in the past.